Comparative Analysis of Criminal Justice Systems in Western vs. Eastern Countries

Abstract

This paper presents a comparative analysis of criminal justice systems in Western and Eastern countries. It highlights the fundamental differences in the philosophies, structures, and practices between the two regions. Western criminal justice systems, primarily represented by those in the United States and European countries, emphasize individual rights, democratic processes, and due process. In contrast, Eastern countries, including China and Japan, focus on social harmony, collective interests, and strict state control. The study examines the influence of culture, politics, and historical context on the development and operation of these systems. Through a critical evaluation of key aspects such as punishment, legal procedures, and the role of the state, this paper aims to offer a nuanced understanding of how cultural values shape the enforcement of laws and the protection of rights.